LESSON III.

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS.
mea, my, mine. nia, our, ours.
tua, thy, thine. via, your, yours (belonging to more than one).
vua, your, yours (belonging to one person). lia, their, theirs.
lua, his, her, hers, its. sua, his own, her own, its own, their own.
When necessary use:
ilua, his; ilia, their (belonging to men).
elua, her, hers; elia, their (belonging to women).
olua, its; olia, their (belonging to things).

Me vizitis mea dentisto, I went to see my dentist.
Il vizitis lua (sua) matro, He visited his (his own) mother.
El perdis ilua parapluvo, She lost his umbrella.
Li admiris sua chapeli, They admired their (own) hats.
Ili admiris elia chapeli, They (the men) admired their (the women's) hats.
A possessive pronoun always implies the definite article; thus mea amiko is my friend, the friend I spoke of, while a friend of mine is translated amiko di me.

AFFIXES: -eri, establishment where something is made or done.
rafin-erio, refinery. chapel-erio, hat factory.
distil-erio, distillery.
-il, instrument:
plug-ilo, plough. fotograf-ilo, camera.
pekt-ilo, comb.
Many special names of instruments exist, e.g., klefo, key, martelo, hammer; from these verbs can be formed by compounding them with the root -ag to do, act: e.g., klef-agar, to lock, martel-agar, to hammer.
-ey, place (room) devoted to some object or action:
kaval-eyo (horse-)stable. preg-eyo, oratory.
tomb-eyo, cemetery. koqu-eyo, kitchen.
dorm-eyo, dormitory. vit-eyo, vineyard.
lern-eyo, school-room.
As the meaning of this suffix is rather wide, special words are to be used where the sense requires them: e.g., universitato, skolo, etc., for lerneyo; katedralo, kirko, etc., for preg-eyo.
-uy, receptacle:
ink-uyo, inkwell. kafe-uyo, coffee-box.
sigar-uyo, cigar-box. te-uyo, tea-caddy.
NOTE.: coffee-pot, tea-pot are kafe-krucho, te-krucho.

-i, domain or sphere of action:
duk-io, duchy. komt-io, county.
episkop-io, bishopric.
-ed, the full of, amount corresponding to:
bok-edo, mouthful. pinch-edo, pinch.
glut-edo,, gulp.

CONVERSATION.
Good morning!Bona matino!
Good day!Bona jorno!
How are you?Quale vu standas?
Very well.Tre bone.
Thank you!Me dankas!
Are you tired?Kad vu esas fatigita?
Not at all!Tote ne!
Yes, a little.Yes, kelkete.
No, sir.No, sioro.
If you please.Me pregas.
I am hungry.Me hungras.
Are you thirsty?Kad vu durstas?
Give me a glass.Donez ad me glaso.
A cup of tea.Taso de teo.
Do you want...?Kad vu deziras...?
I don't mind.Me ne objecionas.
It does not matter.Ne importas.


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James Chandler 1997